Uraguay
Population (2018): 3.457 M
Income per Capita (2018): 20551.40 US
Percentage of GDP on Healthcare (2015): 9.22%
training
Year of family medicine established: 1997
Type of Training: Residency Program
Length of Training: 8 years of Medical School, followed by 3 to 6 years of a Residency Program
Number of institutions that offer family medicine: 1 (Universidad de la Republica)
practice
Number of family doctors: 139
Physician to population ratio: On average, the ratio of family physicians to patients is 401 per 100,000.
DALY: 16,245 per 100,000 individuals (Due to all Causes).
Life Expectancy:
Females 2017: 81.0 years
Males 2017: 74.0 years
Mortality rate 2017:
2017 Males: 164 per 1,000 male adults.
2017 Females: 75 per 1,000 female adults.
Infant Immunization-HepB3: % of 1-year-old children received: 91%
College of Family Physicians (Y or N):
No
healthcare system
A mixed healthcare system is used in Uruguay, and recognizes people’s right to health protection, as well as financial protection by the health system reform in 2005. Approximately 60% of the population are covered by private nonprofit collective health care associations; known as mutualistas.
The number of family and community doctors is higher than indicated. Mutual members are also part of the National Integrated Health System (SNIS) and although they are organizations in the sphere of private law, they participate in the system in its obligations, regulations and also financing. In fact, it would be good to highlight the percentage of the population that has coverage through the SNIS, which is almost universal. In 2018 there were more than 2.5 million people with FONASA coverage. In a population of 3.5 million, this number of people with coverage through FONASA receive care according to their choice of mutual insurance companies or ASSE public provider.
The remaining million represents people who have military or police health coverage, some private insurance itself (very low relative weight in Uruguay) and people who are not included in FONASA due to lack of formal work or retirement. These people access comprehensive coverage from the public provider.
Training
Training in this country involves 8 years of medical school studies followed by 3-6 years of residency depending on the residency program and the speciality. Family medicine training in this country is offered at Universidad de la Republica.
practice
In addition to family physicians, there are pediatricians, obstetricians and gynecologists. Family physicians in Uruguay focus on teaching, researching and clinical duties. In Uruguay, the management and care changed from a curative social welfare model to a preventative model through the principles of primary health care.Approximately 20% of the population have free coverage through the Ministry of Public Health, and military and/or police or private company insurance covers roughly 10%.
References
1. Arya, Neil, Christine Gibson, David Ponka, Cynthia Haq, Stephanie Hansel, Bruce Dahlman, and Katherine Rouleau. 2017. “Family Medicine around the World: Overview by Region: The Besrour Papers: A Series on the State of Family Medicine in the World.” Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien 63 (6): 436–41.
2. Ciriacos-Copanesos, Caliope, Damián Pietrafesa-Favale, Mercedes Pérez-Roca, and Natalia Cousté-Tourón. 2006. “The History of Family Medicine in Uruguay.” Boletín Mexicano de Historia y Filosofía de La Medicina 9 (2): 75–80. http://www.medigraphic.com/cgi-bin/new/resumenI.cgi?IDARTICULO=8582.
3. “Current Health Expenditure (% of GDP) | Data.” n.d. Accessed December 16, 2018. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS.
4. “Culture of Uruguay - History, People, Clothing, Traditions, Women, Beliefs, Food, Customs, Family.” n.d. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.everyculture.com/To-Z/Uruguay.html.
5. “GENERAL CONTEXT AND HEALTH DETERMINANTS.” n.d. Accessed December 2, 2018. https://www.paho.org/hia2007/archivosvol2/paisesing/Uruguay English.pdf.
6. “Healthcare in Ecuador, Health Care in Ecuador.” n.d. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.expat.com/en/guide/south-america/ecuador/10448-health-care-in-ecuador.html.
7. Hernán, Jaime, Rodríguez Moreno, Laura Julieta, and Vivas Martinez. 2017. “Case Study from Colombia PRIMARY HEALTH CARE SYSTEMS (PRIMASYS).” http://apps.who.int/bookorders.
8. “Medical Assistance | U.S. Embassy in Uruguay.” n.d. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://uy.usembassy.gov/u-s-citizen-services/local-resources-of-u-s-citizens/doctors/.
9. “Population, Total | Data.” n.d. Accessed December 16, 2018. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.
10. “Study in Uruguay | Top Universities.” n.d. Accessed December 2, 2018. https://www.topuniversities.com/where-to-study/latin-america/uruguay/guide.
11. “TRADING ECONOMICS | 20 Million INDICATORS FROM 196 COUNTRIES.” n.d. Accessed December 16, 2018. https://tradingeconomics.com/.
12. “Uruguay.” n.d. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.paho.org/salud-en-las-americas-2017/?p=4314.