Venezuela
Population (2018): 31.98 M
Income per Capita (2018): 13709.04 US
Percentage of GDP on Healthcare (2015): 3.16%
training
Year of family medicine established: 1982 (Castillo et al., 2012)
Type of Training: Residency Program (Castillo et al., 2012)
Length of Training: 3 and 2 years (Castillo et al., 2012)
Number of institutions that offer family medicine: 7 institutions (Los Andes University, Valencia Social Security Venezuelan Institute, Zulia University, Oriente University, Francisco de los Llanos Centrales National Experimental University, Lisandro Alvarado Western Center University (Rodríguez Escobar et al., 2019)
Number of family medicine residents graduating each year: unknown
practice
Number of Family Physicians: 1,700 (Ruilova et al., 2016)
Physician to population ratio: 1.7 physicians per 1000 people (World Bank, 2022)
DALY: 16,061 per 100,000 individuals (Due to all Causes).
Life Expectancy:
Females 2017: 78.9 years
Males 2017: 70.9 years
Mortality rate 2017:
2017 Males: 189 per 1,000 male adults.
2017 Females: 88 per 1,000 female adults.
Infant Immunization-HepB3: % of 1-year-old children received: 60%
College of Family Physicians (Y or N):
No
HEALTHCARE SYSTEM
The health care system in Venezuela is comprised of Public healthcare facilities. Family medicine is recognized in the country. This is seen for example when a senior resident worked in conjunction with the state chapter of the Venezuelan Society of Family Medicine to publish articles on family medicine, which were titled “What is Primary Care Medicine?” and “Family Medicine Around the World”.
training
Training emphasizes a community aspect of clinical practice, establishing a community-oriented environment. 8 years of Medical School, nine 2-year ambulatory-based Residency Programs, Internships and a minimum of two years practice experience
practice
In addition to family physicians, there are nurses, as well as pediatricians. The family physician may reach out beyond the office to understand and influence the health-related behaviours of patients. This increased personal recognition of the physician’s professional roles. It has been concluded that “Venezuela’s health system is in worse condition than expected, survey finds as of March 28, 2018, stated by Julia Jones and Stefano Pozzebon, CNN”
References
1. Arya, Neil, Christine Gibson, David Ponka, Cynthia Haq, Stephanie Hansel, Bruce Dahlman, and Katherine Rouleau. 2017. “Family Medicine around the World: Overview by Region: The Besrour Papers: A Series on the State of Family Medicine in the World.” Canadian Family Physician Medecin de Famille Canadien 63 (6): 436–41.
Banco Mundial. (2022). Médicos (por cada 1.000 personas)—Guatemala, Venezuela, RB, Honduras, Dominican Republic. https://datos.bancomundial.org/indicador/SH.MED.PHYS.ZS?end=2018&locations=GT-VE-HN-DO&start=1960&view=chart
Castillo, L. A., Toro, C. B., Coria, A. I., Prato, J. R., & Ortega, M. F. (2012). Hacia el fortalecimiento de la Medicina Familiar y la Atención Primaria en los sistemas de salud: IV Cumbre Iberoamericana de Medicina Familiar. Asunción, Paraguay 2011. Archivos en Medicina Familiar, 14(4), 93–112.
2. Kohut, Meredith. “As Venezuela Collapses, Children Are Dying of Hunger.” 2017. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.irishtimes.com/news/world/as-venezuela-collapses-children-are-dying-of-hunger-1.3332429.
3. “Current Health Expenditure (% of GDP) | Data.” n.d. Accessed December 16, 2018. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SH.XPD.CHEX.GD.ZS.
4. “Population, Total | Data.” n.d. Accessed December 16, 2018. https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL.
5. “Home - Medical School - University of Nicosia.” n.d. Accessed December 2, 2018. https://www.med.unic.ac.cy/.
Rodríguez Escobar, M. A., Botia Rojas, D. E., Murillo Vargas, D. F., Castillo Pantoja, M. I., Iguarán Manjarréz, N. E., Villamizar Arciniegas, A., Burbano Delgado, Á. F., Carrillo Cruz, J. A., Choles Barros, Y. M., Meza De Los Ríos, J., Velándia Guerra, A. V., Jiménez Garay, N. S., Velándia Toca, J. A., Velásquez Guzmán, C., Acevedo, A. V., Quintero Meza, L. P., Ruiz Puyana, C. E., Esquinas Posada, G. F., Contreras, O. F., … Durán Lozano, J. A. (2019). Aportes de la medicina familiar a la APS en Iberoamérica: Revisión hermenéutica 1971-2016. Universidad El Bosque. https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co/handle/20.500.12495/3275
Ruilova, G. A., Caspi, L. V., García, L. A., Vicente, V. C., Hierro, G. S. del, & Durán, S. A. (2016). Programas de formacion en medicina familiar en iberoamerica. Revista Brasileira de Medicina de Família e Comunidade, 11(Suppl 1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc11(0)1278
6. “TRADING ECONOMICS | 20 Million INDICATORS FROM 196 COUNTRIES.” n.d. Accessed December 16, 2018. https://tradingeconomics.com/.
7. Thompson, R, F Gruber, and G Marcano. n.d. “Family Medicine Training in Venezuela.” Family Medicine 24 (3): 188–90, 238. Accessed January 11, 2019. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/1577210.
8. “Over Half Venezuela’s Doctors and Quarter of Nurses Have Left since 2012: NGOs | The Japan Times.” n.d. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2018/10/12/world/social-issues-world/half-venezuelas-doctors-quarter-nurses-left-since-2012-ngos/#.XDj-Qs9KjVp.
9. Ventres, William B. n.d. “REFLECTIONS IN FAMILY PRACTICE Cultural Encounters and Family Medicine: Six Lessons From South America.” Accessed January 11, 2019. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/dbf0/87bc9342dd1c50eb8e2565fe37c58d655490.pdf.
10. “Venezuela’s Health System Is in Worse Condition than Expected, Survey Finds - CNN.” n.d. Accessed January 11, 2019. https://www.cnn.com/2018/03/28/americas/venezuela-hospitals-report/index.html?no-st=1547238968.
11. Castillo, L. A., Toro, C. B., Coria, A. I., Prato, J. R., & Ortega, M. F. (2012). Towards the strengthening of Family Medicine and Primary Care in health systems: IV Ibero-American Summit of Family Medicine. Asunción, Paraguay 2011. Archivos en Medicina Familiar, 14(4), 93–112.
12. Rodríguez Escobar, M. A., Botia Rojas, D. E., Murillo Vargas, D. F., Castillo Pantoja, M. I., Iguarán Manjarréz, N. E., Villamizar Arciniegas, A., Burbano Delgado, Á. F., Carrillo Cruz, J. A., Choles Barros, Y. M., Meza De Los Ríos, J., Velándia Guerra, A. V., Jiménez Garay, N. S., Velándia Toca, J. A., Velásquez Guzmán, C., Acevedo, A. V., Quintero Meza, L. P. , Ruiz Puyana, C. E., Esquinas Posada, G. F., Contreras, O. F., … Durán Lozano, J. A. (2019). Contributions of family medicine to PHC in Ibero-America: Hermeneutical review 1971-2016. Forest University. https://repositorio.unbosque.edu.co/handle/20.500.12495/3275
13. Ruilova, G. A., Caspi, L. V., García, L. A., Vicente, V. C., Hierro, G. S. del, & Durán, S. A. (2016). Training programs in family medicine in Ibero-America. Brazilian Journal of Family and Community Medicine, 11(Suppl 1), 47–60. https://doi.org/10.5712/rbmfc11(0)1278